Scholar David Carlyon has questioned the “bold political lunatic,” calling historical stories “apocryphal” and concluding that “popular culture embraces a sentimental image of the clown; The writers reproduce this sentimentality in the Fool and the Academician in the Trickster”, but it “falters as an analysis”. During the reigns of Elizabeth I and James I of England, William Shakespeare wrote his plays and performed with his theatre group Lord Chamberlain`s Men (later called King`s Men).[6] Clowns and fools featured in Shakespeare`s plays, and the company`s expert on jokes was Robert Armin, author of the book Fooled upon Foole. In Shakespeare`s Twelfth Night, the festivities of fools are described as “wise enough to play fool.” It is in the nature of fools to say what they think when the mood prevails, regardless of the consequences. They are neither calculating nor cautious, which may explain the “madness” often attributed to them. Fools also generally have inferior social and political status and are rarely able (and rarely inclined) to pose a threat to power. They have little to gain from prudence and little to lose from the candora of the parts of freedom, livelihood and sometimes even life, which hardly seems to have been a deterrent. They are peripheral in the game of politics, and this may reassure a king that their words are probably not aimed at their own progress. Fools are not known for flattery or laughter. The sovereign can be isolated from his courtiers and ministers who might conspire against him.

In addition, the Fool can be an isolated and peripheral figure, somehow detached from court intrigues, which allows him to act as a kind of confidant. A dwarf jester named Nai Teh (Mr. Petit) at the court of King Mongkut of Siam (r. 1851-68), described by Anna Leonowens in Anna and the King of Siam, was recruited in the same way: Today, the jester is depicted in various formats of medieval re-enactments, Renaissance masses and entertainment, including film, stage performance and carnival. During the Burgundian and Rhine carnivals, cabaret performances take place in the local dialect. In Brabant, this person is called “Tonpraoter” or “Sauwelaar” and is actually in or on a barrel. In Limburg they are called “buuttereedner” or “buutteredner” and in Zeeland “ouwoer”. They all interpret a cabaret speech in dialect in which many current topics are discussed. Often there are local situations and celebrities of local and regional politics who are ridiculed, ridiculed and insulted. The “Tonpraoter” or “Buuttereedner” can be considered the successor of fools.

[24] In 17th century Spain, the little people, often with deformities, were used as fools to entertain the king and his family, especially children. Velázquez Las Meninas` painting contains two dwarves: Mari Bárbola, a female dwarf from Germany with hydrocephalus, and Nicolasito Portusato from Italy. Mari Bárbola can also be seen in a later portrait of Princess Margarita Teresa in mourning by Juan Bautista Martinez del Mazo. There are other paintings by Velázquez that depict court dwarves such as Prince Balthasar Charles with a dwarf. Until recently, His Beatitude also received a court jester, a Shlimun (Solomon), who died a few years ago. The object had something of the shape of a madman`s ball with spikes, which hung limp and undulated. Belle was supposed to be godmother and had to be shot; which was impossible, as the fool Euclid says. The modern use of the English word fool did not come into use until the mid-16th century during Tudor times. [1] This modern term is derived from the older form gestour or jestour, originating from Anglo-Norman (French) and means storyteller or minstrels. Other earlier terms were crazy, disour, buffoon, and bourder. These terms described artists who differed in their skills and performances, but all had many similarities in their role as comic performers for their audiences. [1] [2] [3] Even if the famous veracity of the fool was only a myth, it would have been established long before Erasmus.

And we have seen how fools around the world have been allowed and encouraged to give advice and influence the whims and politics of kings, not just “small historical windows of possibility.” We have seen many examples of a fool advising or correcting his monarch, and recorded cases are particularly frequent in China. Chinese records give us an idea of how effective a fool is in mitigating the leader`s excesses, as the occasions when his words of warning have been ignored or punished are far outnumbered when listened to and even rewarded. The fool is also perceived as on the side of the people, the little man who fights against the oppression of the powerful. By clever deception (“by folastrant wisely”), the fool often won the favor of the people (“gaigna de grace parmy le peuple”). In the popular perception of South India, a king was hardly considered a king without his court jester, and the enduring appeal of the court jester in India in stories and comics is perhaps equal only in Europe. It may have disappeared from the courts and corridors of power, but it still has a powerful influence on the collective imagination. Nevertheless, he is not a rebel or a revolutionary. His aloof attitude allows him to side with the victim in order to contain the excesses of the system without ever trying to overthrow it, because this goal is not to replace one system with another, but to free us from the chains of all systems: the fool is an elusive character. The European words used to refer to him may now seem as nebulous as they are numerous, reflecting the lively man behind them: Fool, Fool, Clown, Juggler, Yogleor, Joculator, Sot, Stultor, Scurra, Fou, Fol, Truhan, Mimus, Histrio, Morio.

It can be any of them, while the German word Narr is not so much a trunk, but the sturdy trunk of a tree that blooms with the vocabulary of fools. The mercury`s mercury qualities are also difficult to determine, but still not beyond definition. A jester, court jester or jester was historically an artist in the Middle Ages and Renaissance who was a member of the household of a nobleman or monarch employed to entertain guests. Fools were also itinerant artists who entertained the common people at the city`s fairs and markets. Jesters are also artists who perform at modern historical events. In India, the same entry requirements prevailed: Make me laugh and you`re in it. Tenali Rama, one of India`s three foolish superstars, is said to have earned his position as a fool by making King Krsnadegaraya laugh. According to one story, he invented the king`s guru to carry on his shoulders in full view of the king. Outraged by the humiliation of his holy man, the king sent guards to beat the man who was riding the Guru`s shoulders.