The One Notch Fire Board Bow Drill Kit

I discovered that it was a sunny day, with a slight breeze, when I came out of my lodge this morning. However, the breeze was not enough to keep the zagame/mosquitoes at bay, for there was quite a number of them sheltering in the arbor where my clan mates and I cook and eat.

There was a need for fire, so I got out my One Notch Bow Drill Kit, and set about making fire. The first step was to do some fine tuning on the fire board and spinner to ensure proper function. I then knelt on my right knee and placed my shoeless left foot on the fire board to hold it in place. I then twisted the spinner into the bow string and placed the business end of the spinner into the hole in the fire board. With my stone hand hold positioned on top of the spinner, I began to pump the bow back and forth. I moved slowly at first, then faster and faster. Then, with thick smoke curling around the whirling spinner, I could see that enough dust had filled the receptacle and heat had built enough to turn the dust black. The little wisps of smoke told me that the coal was quickly forming. I set the bow and spinner aside and gently waved life-giving air onto the baby coal. The wisps grew thicker and the speck of a coal began to glow.

I touch my knife to either side of the ember to loosen it and then very gently tip it into a cedar tinder bundle. And with a delicate breath and a gentle squeeze, the speck becomes a dot. The dot of yellow spreads, and a couple more breaths, a flame bursts forth.

A strip of birch bark is ignited and added to a small pile of sticks, and soon we have a blazing fire to cook some breakfast.

The One Notch Fire Board works great. there is no need to cut a new notch for every coal-making event; it’s already there. However, there is a need to carve down the tiny ridge between the new and old sites.

When the dust has to go over the ridge, it cooks enough so that no coal will form. When the dust just moves straight into the bowl-shaped depression, it retains heat and a coal quickly develops, sometimes in a matter of seconds. And sometimes it’s a teaching moment, which means, “keep trying”.

As for the “shoeless foot”, some traditions say that one gets better fire when one takes off their shoe. I suspect the dampness or dirt on the shoe could prevent a coal formation, or maybe the laces could get in the way. Whatever the reason, I prefer to take my shoe off.

 

Coyote 3 Feathers

 

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With a Chance of Mosquitoes

Seems like after a late start, the Green Season has officially arrived. One of the telling factors is the new weather. No longer does frost cover the ground in the morning, no longer do we huddle close to the fire at night. Now it’s often hot and sunny. Usually this lasts for a few days, gradually becoming more and more humid. Slowly, from out of the southwest, the clouds build. Then the distant rumbles come, threatening a fury. Sometimes they pass with just a sprinkle; sometimes it’s a raging downpour, followed by a relief of coolness. We sit in the summer arbor, and watch the skies explode. And then, there are the odd spells. One night a frost came, and the little oaks on our prairie took a deep blow. Now many of their leaves are red or brown and shriveled. For a couple of days, a might windstorm had his way. A small balsam fir fell on the earth lodge, and half the roof of my and Chris’ wig-wam blew right off! Wowsers.

One weather event that’s more or less predictable these days are the clouds of mosquitoes. They can be enjoyed any place not in hot, direct sunlight or at least moderate wind. SO that includes the creek where we drink, the forest where the canopy of trees forms a shade – especially near bogs and ephemeral pools. And inside our lodges. We’ve begun experimenting with smudging them before bedtime, with some success. I just came back from harvesting spruce-root in a spruce bog, for the roof repair project – and I tell ya – that’s definitely another place to encounter them! I don’t mind them all that much, to tell the truth. Their song can be comforting, with the right mindset. They motivate me to run from place to place. And when I’m doing something, and really get into it, then their prickles are barely noticeable. Choosing times and places to be active, as well as lathering up with fat and wearing protective clothing help as well.

We’re taking advantage of the long warm days – everyone has projects going on. Pretty much everyone is tanning hides – scraping, stretching, smoking. Denise, Coyote and I made baskets. Now I have a nice place to keep my clothes. I’m getting into making moccasins, and plan to figure out how to become an efficient ant-hill raider (for eggs and larvae). Tomas is working on his skin boat and going on exploratory trips. We’re all taking dips in the ponds to wash off and cool down.

We share our dream guidance over the morning breakfast fire, and our day-journey over the evening dinner fire. The last couple of days, my dreams have been showing me that I need to take responsibility over the challenges that come up daily – not escape. As I listen and do so, I can feel myself moving forward.

From an extremely well-lit wigwam,

Alex

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Cutting the Trail

Tomas has been talking about his desire to make a portage trail from one creek to another for some time now. In essence, this would connect two separate river systems, one of which ends in Lake Michigan. The other, on the Gulf of Mexico. So one day, he went – and I came with him. I was hesitant because of my concern about being eaten alive by mosquitoes, and because I was reluctant to put all my ongoing projects on hold – the basket, the hide, the moccasins and the trap line.

As the morning chill gave way to bright sunshine, I decided to go for it. I know that doing things I am uncomfortable with often results in good stuff. I packed for an overnight journey and off we went in our little canoes. A couple of familiar creeks and a lake crossing brought us to the site of our former fish camp, where we netted many suckerfish. We portaged for a while into a little lake and continued. That’s when I got acquainted with the experience of a ferocious assault of deer flies and other biting and stinging flies, mosquitoes and ticks. We bravely put on a battle. There were many casualties (some of whom were eaten). Our hands and faces began to swell a little from the damage.

On the way up, we cut back some alder that was choking the creek in a few places. We chose to not portage over a certain stretch which gave us access to a few well-established nettle patches, yet required lots of wading, as the creek was too shallow for the canoes. Up and up we went. The creek began to meander through an open bog. With the sun beating down, the biting flies, and constant surprises that the creek presented us with on many a turn, I felt stressed, and was glad to have come to the end at last – a pond, where a white swan sat and looked warily at us. It was now mid-afternoon.

We walked through the bog and quickly found a campsite in a forest of young maples. The untiring Tomas, a veteran of many a river trip and scouting expedition, went off to explore the area and began to scout for the route. I got busy with setting up camp – tarp lean-to, mosquito netting, boughs, firewood. At dusk, Tomas came back and we ate – roasted nettles and cattails dipped in a jar of bear fat and cracklings. We ate inside the mosquito netting, as we were surrounded by a thick cloud of mosquitoes. What did people do on expeditions before such equipment?!

We slept well. At one point an upset deer snorted indignantly into the night – who are these intruders! We got up in the early morning and headed to a large abandoned beaver pond, about a third of the way there, cutting the trail in the process. Then Tomas went off to continue the scouting, calling back to me once in a while to verify the location of the pond. I waited, playing with trap designs and watching the pond-life. He came back, and we went together, opening the trail with our tomahawks. At one point we needed to do more scouting for the trail. That took a while, as the terrain was confusing – many small meadows intermingled with stands of balsam fir. We washed off in the creek that was our destination, wide due to a beaver pond (Tomas wisely picked that spot for that reason), yet soon our clothes were soaked again with sweat. Finally, the route was marked and cut. It weaved through a young maple forest, an older open maple forest, a bog, meadows, and at the end joined up with an old hunting trail. It often followed old logging roads and deer trails. We agreed that it’s not a perfect trail (could probably be more direct), but it definitely can be of service.

The sun was on his way down, and we were pretty tired, so we decided to skip the alder-clearing on the now-connected creek, and head back. It was a real pleasure, that trip back! There was a sense of accomplishment, and as for me – an opening of a new horizon – river trips! The challenge and hardship drew me to focus and draw on reserves I forgot I have. Cushy camp-life is nice, yet I can see how once in a while something like this can help me to liven up, to grow. As we followed the creek, I reflected on the beauty of the grasses, trees and big sky that were all around us. I am becoming more and more aware of the connectedness of all things, and of the longing that I have in me to recognize and honor their Spirits.

Before putting in to the creek en route to the big lake, we gathered tender Basswood leaves to share with our camp-mates. We paddled against strong head-on wind, whitecapped waves occasionally spraying us with water. It was a lot of fun! We got back in time to wash off before dinner, and then joined the others for a pleasant evening meal. I slept well that night.

 

Alex

 

P.S. Here is a tip: trying to backwards-limbo under a bridge in a canoe can result in much wetness… : )

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My First Fishing Trip

The lake beckoned. It called us to come and paddle about its surface. It was sunny, with a slight breeze as Denise and I left camp to go fishing in the shimmering waters of Virgin Lake. The journey down Julia Creek was pleasant – no logs blocking our way – and Zagame/mosquitoes were few as Denise paddled her canoe, and I mine. Soon we arrived at the mouth of the creek. It was there that Denise set me up with a line and lure that was looped over my paddle so that it would trail behind as I went about the lake in my green Wenonah canoe.

We started out moving around the lake in a counter-clockwise direction to go with the wind. I went to deeper water, as I had a sinking lure, and Denise stayed closer to shore with her self-made floating lure.

The wave action was minimal and travel was easy. Yet, when we inevitably arrived at the far side of the lake, we discovered the wind was much stronger, because it had the full length of the body of water to build waves and gust freely.

I sought to stay out of the troughs of the waves, which made for a bit more work to keep the right heading. Denise took a different course, yet it wasn’t long before I had to turn and head out into the chaos. I set my sights on the shelter of the island where I would meet back up with Denise.

I thought I should stop trolling and focus on getting through the chop, but part way to shelter I realized that I was no longer fishing – even by accident – because I had pushed the line off my paddle as I switched from side to side as I propelled my canoe.

I was a little tired and my bum was getting sore from the long ride in my green vessel, but that was not the time to rest. Yet I did take a moment to put on my red PFD (Personal Flotation Device) during a brief moment while in the protection of the island.I then sought the refuge of the culvert at the mouth of the creek and Denise continued on to journey along the far shore.

It looked to be about a mile’s worth of churning and gusting, just shy of capping, ahead of me on the lake. So, with two strokes on the portside and three on the starboard, I set head-long out across the expanse of windswept roughness.

Out I went, stroke, stroke, switch, stroke, stroke, never letting up, eyes fixed on the waves, mind set on my destination. I grew tired but I couldn’t let up. I pressed on. The waves were relentless. The gusts were intermittent, yet strong. Concentration, holding a steady course. Reaching the shore safely. I had no other goal. Failure was not an option. I pressed on. And through it all, my wet red PFD flashed in the sunlight, contrasted by the deep blue water, signaling to Denise that I was still going.

Finally, I reached calm water and I could relax a little. I got myself over to a dead tree that was near the inlet and was able to take hold and hoist myself up and ease the discomfort from so long a sit.

Denise soon arrived and we got to experience the wonderful acoustics of the metal tube that went under the road, connecting the creek and the lake.

The trip back up the waterway was pleasant. There were many dragonflies swooping and diving, hunting – and catching – mosquitoes for a meal. The water was calm and the scenery wonderful.

In due time we got back to port and landed our vessels. As I stepped ashore, I grinned and straightened up my legs and back. That long sit was a bit much for my hip joints (maybe I need more stretches like that from time to time). After a short walk to camp, we enjoyed a lovely supper and shared about our trip. We went fishing, but unfortunately, not catching. The day was drawing to an end, so with a “Goodnight” to all, we headed off to our beds to seek – and catch – a few Zs.

 

Coyote 3 Feathers

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Of Skin and Stone, Of Wood and Bone

I pick up a pile of broken-up firewood to put into our wood arbor and see that each stick is unique in its shape, color. Branches from different trees that grew and fell, or died with the tree from which we harvested. Now they will serve as fuel for our warmth, cooking, light, comfort. My heart fills with gratitude. As I go through the day, I reflect on how so many of the tools that we use are gifted to us by trees, by animals, and by rocks. Denise is working on crafting a basket for a few days now. She sits in the summer arbor, which is roofed with Birchbark and peat. The floor is Balsam Fir boughs with an additional layer of hair-covered Deerskins which we periodically shake out and keep out of water’s way. The basket she makes is for storing dried Suckerfish which we caught and preserved a little while ago by drying and smoking – now they need to be kept in a dry container. It is made of Birchbark – the skin of Birch trees, and rawhide – the skin of Deer. Our wigwams are roofed with Birchbark, lashed with Spruceroot and rawhide. Some of us wear the laboriously processed skins of Deer as a second skin on our bodies – buckskin clothing. Tomas is building a canoe made of Wood and Rawhide. I have a trap-line which helps to supplement our diet, the traps made of Wood, occasionally weighed down with Stones. Stones help to form the circle of our hearth where the fire, kindled by one of our the wooden Cedar firekits, dances. Sometimes we put little Stones directly into the fire to receive his heat, and then transfer them into our Wooden bowls to render the fat and cook the greens. And the list goes on! Pack-frames, scraping beams, paddles, rope, bows, etc etc etc. To be fair – we use Metal too. Knives, tomahawks, needles, awls, scraper-blades, files. I am grateful for metal, yet hope to one day replace his friendship with the greater intimacy of Stone and Bone. And that is how we survive, live thrive. We have big brains, agile hands, language to share information. We are crafty tool users, and we are given much by our cousins. As one comes to understand this, he can only be grateful.

 

Alex

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More craft projects

My campmates have been busy with some other crafts too, and since I´ve been taking a few pictures every once in a while I wanted to share them here too. Some of the older posts have been updated with pictures too.

Thomas

Alex carving a new bowl

Denise works on a storage container for the dried fish

Chris is content with his new lightweight packframe

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Dead Moon visit

Today is the New Moon – or Dead Moon, as we call it here. We decided as a clan that once every Moon cycle around the Dead Moon, we have the opportunity to go to Nad´mad´ewining (the support center) for research & connecting with friends and family via phone, email, etc.

A fully prime leek patch

A number of things have happened since my last update. Our leek camp was quite successful – so successful indeed that we didn´t gather for very long.

Folks from Nad´mad´ewining were processing the leeks through blanching/freezing and drying and we gathered faster than they could process them. Our camp was located in a beautiful hardwood forest with enty of new areas to explore, many wild edibles besides leeks – spring beauties, violets, trilliums, basswood leaves and nettles to name a few – and plenty of high quality firewood right next to cam, which is more of a rarity at our base camp at Mashkodens. Chris set up his own camp close to the year-long students at Nishnajida to instruct them in hide-tanning and guide them to another leek patch, and we all met up again when we returned from our respective camps to Mashkodens.

Dinner at leek camp after a day of harvesting

Most trees are now covered in a lush growth of leaves, and flowers are shooting up everywhere. The weather has changed more to summer-like conditions too, with an unusually high amount of thunderstorms moving through our area. Zagame (Moskito) seems to thrive on these consitions and all the stagnant water that is the rsult of several wet seasons.

A young porcupine

Many young animals are being born now or already growing rapidly, such as the young porcupine porcupine who´s playfully following her mother.

Memories of snow-covered ground – which was the case just a little over a Moon ago – seem more and more distant and surreal amidst this lush greenery and explosion of life. At the same time, the days are getting longer and longer and at the end of each day, as darkness approaches, we´re usually quite tired and ready to enter Dreamtime.

Waterproof stich for the rain pocho with two seams

The finished rain poncho, oiled and pitched

Since the return from our seasonal camps my days have mostly been filled with craftwork: I just completed a rain poncho which consists of several grain-on buckskins with a coating of oil and pitch for more water resistance (and the hides have been dyed in black walnuthusks, hence the dark color). The first test – standing in the rain during a thunderstorm – was quite promising: Only after prolonged exposure did I detect some dampness in the shoulder areas. By that time, regular buckskins would have been soaked thoroughly many times over. The smart thing to do during a thunderstorm would be to seek cover anyways, so I intend to use the poncho mostly for longer periods of drizzle and light rain…

 

 

Skin boat with skins draped over for fitting and cutting

 

Also, I´m sewing together several skins for the skin boat cover, which turns out to be a rather lengthy process.

 

 

 

 

 

– Thomas

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Wild Water

A concern of mine about coming to Leek Camp was, “where will we get our water?” Our camp was in a hardwood forest. It is somewhat of a flat area, so there are not many streams, if any. There is the Pine River, but it is a one-mile walk away.

When I arrived I saw that the only water sources were the ditch and some puddles in the woods. Both were clear, but there was some funky stuff in the ditch – not a good choice. The puddles looked OK. They had leaf litter and some bugs but were otherwise clear.

It may seem strange to some that I dip my cup into a puddle and drink it down, but that’s what I do. For those who get their water from a bottle or a faucet this might seem revolting, but it is not too bad. I’ve drunk water that looked like tea or coffee with milk in it, and did just fine.

I should add that this is one of those “Don’t try this at home – or anywhere else for that matter” times. A precise 30-day regimen of gradual exposure must be followed to the letter in order for it to work. Any deviation can result in serious sickness from waterborne diseases.

 

Coyote 3 Feathers

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Leek Camp update from Thomas

After spending about a Quarter Moon at Fish Camp, the spawning seemed to come to a close and we decided to head back to Mashkodens. Getting there, it seemed like we were gone for much longer – the cherries were blooming, the grass lush and green; the whole camp had a different feel to it.

Fruits of the harvest: Smoke-dried sucker fish

We received word that the Leeks were at their prime and decided to get everything ready for the next seasonal camp. After another day at Mashkodens, we took off for the ten-mile hike.

There was enough light left in the day to scout for good gathering locations and to set up camp…and dinner with fire-roasted Leeks!

 

Thomas

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Leek Camp Begins

In the northern forests of the American Midwest grows a plant unlike any other plant native to this continent. Its bulbs used to be harvested for winter food stores by the Indians, and its leaves were added to food for superior nutrition and taste. It’s in the onion family. In Europe, it’s called the wild Leek. Here it’s name, in the Algonquin language, is Zhigagowan. A certain city takes its name from this, for it stands on one of the former Indian gathering grounds – Chicago.

We came back from suckerfish camp, had a day of rest and organizing in our wigwams, and then once again packed up our sleeping bags, tarps, tools, and food, and hit the trail. Our destination lay ten miles away, down trails and forest roads – our Leek-gathering grounds. The goal is to camp there (here, actually, as I am writing from our new forest camp), and do a few days of intensive gathering.

The walk was pretty nice (we sent our gear by car!). A passing thunderstorm found us resting at the edge of a lake, and so we threw up a tarp lean-to and contently waited it out. We saw the forest change from one kind to another, and another…Spring! Spring everywhere! Unfolding leaves, singing birds, gushing creeks. We arrived sometime in the afternoon, and spent a few mealtimes scouting the area, to understand the extent and maturation of the Leek patch, and to find a flat spot for a campsite.

Turns out there are lots and lots of Leeks ready to gift themselves to us. As the evening dark descended, we finished putting up our lean-to, gathered boughs to sleep on, and kindled a fire. All hands were busy with camp prep work. We cooked and ate, while talking about plans for the harvest and working out interpersonal issues in a circle format. The next day we got to it. By early afternoon we had gathered so much that the person who came for the pick-up told us to stop! Our support circle can only process so much at once! As far as the processing goes, Leeks can be blanched and frozen, or ripped up and dried. I don’t think we’ll be doing much processing ourselves. So that’s it for Leek Camp so far!

As for myself, I’ve been immersed in this experience for over a Moon now. More and more I realize how fulfilling this lifeway is for me. Not all my needs are met here, but that’s OK. The relationships, the crafts, the inner healing work, all bring many gifts. More and more, as I sit and talk with him, my inner child is finding a home.

 

Alex

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